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ameliorates acne vulgaris in SD rats changes in gut microbiota and associated tryptophan metabolism.Frontiers in Immunology 2023The depletion of beneficial bacteria in the gut has been found in patients with acne vulgaris, and in previous studies, the supplement of led to the improvement of...
BACKGROUND
The depletion of beneficial bacteria in the gut has been found in patients with acne vulgaris, and in previous studies, the supplement of led to the improvement of adult acne. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism of in the amelioration of acne vulgaris has not been elucidated yet.
METHODS
To mimic the human intestinal environment, a pseudo-germ-free rat model was used, and then gut microbiota from healthy individuals and acne patients were transplanted into rats. The effects of and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites on a rat acne model were investigated by gavage. Then, 16S rRNA analysis and targeted measurement of metabolites were performed to discover the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between groups. Finally, HaCaT cells pretreated with were employed to validate the effect and mechanism of Trp metabolites on acne.
RESULTS
significantly improved acne-like symptoms in rats by suppressing the level of inflammatory cytokines such as , , and . induced an increase in the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole targeted Trp metabolic analyses. Furthermore, promoted bacterial diversity and also enhanced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio, which was positively related to both IAA and indole. Finally, the roles of IAA and indole in alleviating acne vulgaris were confirmed both and , which could be reversed by AhR inhibitors.
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated that could exert its therapeutic effects on acne vulgaris by modulating the gut microbiota and regulating associated Trp metabolites.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Animals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tryptophan; Indoles; Acne Vulgaris
PubMed: 38250060
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293048 -
Poultry Science Jan 2018The probiotic effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain CF (Chen Fu) on growth performance, meat quality, and microenvironment in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The probiotic effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain CF (Chen Fu) on growth performance, meat quality, and microenvironment in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were investigated and compared with Enterococcus faecium. One-hundred-eighty 7-day-old SPF chickens were randomly assigned into 3 groups with 3 replicate pens of 20 chickens each. Group 1 served as a control that was fed a basal diet without probiotics supplementation. Groups 2 and 3 were fed the basal diet supplemented with L. rhamnosus CF and E. faecium, respectively. On d 12 and 24, BW, ADG, feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing percentage (DP), and apparent digestibility of crude protein (AD-CP) were calculated. Meat color, fat content, shear force, water content, and pH value of breast and thigh muscles; ammonia, urea nitrogen, and uric acid content in plasma; pH value, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and E. coli in ceca; and ammonia emission were determined. Compared with group 1, group 2 exhibited higher BW, ADG, AD-CP, DP, cecal Lactobacilli, and muscle fat content (P < 0.05) as well as lower FCR, muscle water content, plasma ammonia, pH value, E. coli, and Enterococcus in ceca, and ammonia emission (P < 0.05), and group 3 exhibited higher BW, ADG, AD-CP, DP, and muscle fat content (P < 0.05), as well as lower FCR, meat color, plasma ammonia, E. coli and Enterococcus in ceca, and ammonia emission (d 24) (P < 0.05). Compared with group 3, group 2 exhibited lower plasma ammonia level, E. coli, and pH value in ceca and ammonia emission (P < 0.05) and higher AD-CP, meat color, pH value in thigh muscles, fat content in breast muscles, and number of Lactobacillus in ceca (P < 0.05). Thus, L. rhamnosus CF improves growth performance, meat quality, and microenvironment and is a potential probiotic additive in chickens.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Chickens; Diet; Enterococcus faecium; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Meat; Nitrogen; Probiotics; Random Allocation; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
PubMed: 29077943
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex261 -
Nutrients Apr 2023The probiotics UBLP-40, UBLR-58 and UBBL-64 seem to promote wound healing when applied topically. Our aim was to investigate their effect on the mRNA expression of...
The probiotics UBLP-40, UBLR-58 and UBBL-64 seem to promote wound healing when applied topically. Our aim was to investigate their effect on the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory, healing and angiogenetic factors during the healing process of a standardized excisional wound model in rats. Rats subjected to six dorsal skin wounds were allocated to Control; ; combined formula of plus ; ; and treatments, applied every two days, along with tissue collection. The pro-inflammatory, wound-healing, and angiogenetic factors of mRNA expression were assessed by qRT-PCR. We found that exerts a strong anti-inflammatory effect in relation to -, given alone or in combination; the combined regime of -, works better, greatly promoting the expression of healing and angiogenic factors than . When separately tested, was found to work better than in promoting the expression of healing factors, while seems stronger than in the expression of angiogenic factors. We, therefore, suggest that an ideal probiotic treatment should definitively contain more than one probiotic strain to speed up all three healing phases.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Bifidobacterium longum; Probiotics; Wound Healing; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 37111041
DOI: 10.3390/nu15081822 -
NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes Mar 2024Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal purine metabolism. Although recent studies have noted a relationship between the gut microbiota and gout,...
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal purine metabolism. Although recent studies have noted a relationship between the gut microbiota and gout, whether the microbiota could ameliorate HUA-associated systemic purine metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed a novel model of HUA in geese and investigated the mechanism by which Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) could have beneficial effects on HUA. The administration of antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments were used in this HUA goose model. The effects of LGG and its metabolites on HUA were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Heterogeneous expression and gene knockout of LGG revealed the mechanism of LGG. Multi-omics analysis revealed that the Lactobacillus genus is associated with changes in purine metabolism in HUA. This study showed that LGG and its metabolites could alleviate HUA through the gut-liver-kidney axis. Whole-genome analysis, heterogeneous expression, and gene knockout of LGG enzymes ABC-type multidrug transport system (ABCT), inosine-uridine nucleoside N-ribohydrolase (iunH), and xanthine permease (pbuX) demonstrated the function of nucleoside degradation in LGG. Multi-omics and a correlation analysis in HUA patients and this goose model revealed that a serum proline deficiency, as well as changes in Collinsella and Lactobacillus, may be associated with the occurrence of HUA. Our findings demonstrated the potential of a goose model of diet-induced HUA, and LGG and proline could be promising therapies for HUA.
Topics: Humans; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Hyperuricemia; Nucleosides; Lactobacillus; Proline; Purines
PubMed: 38509085
DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00486-9 -
BMC Urology Oct 2020Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in children. In children < 7 years of age, the prevalence of one episode of...
Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 and Lactobacillus plantarum PM1 versus placebo as a prophylaxis for recurrence urinary tract infections in children: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in children. In children < 7 years of age, the prevalence of one episode of symptomatic UTI has been estimated at 3-7% in girls and 1-2% in boys, whereas 8-30% of them will have one or more episodes of UTI. The use of some probiotics appears to reduce the risk of recurrence of UTIs. Since the effects of probiotics are strain-specific, the efficacy and safety of each strain has to be assessed. The main aim of this study is to determine whether probiotics (containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 and Lactobacillus plantarum PM1) therapy are effective in preventing UTI in children compared to placebo.
METHOD
A superiority, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial is being conducted. One hundred and six patients aged 3 to 18 years with recurrent UTIs in last year (defined as: ≥ 2 episodes of UTI with acute pyelonephritis/upper UTI; or 1 episode of UTI with acute pyelonephritis and ≥ 1 episodes of UTI with cystitis/lower UTI; or ≥ 3 episodes of UTI with cystitis/lower UTI) or children with ≥ 1 infection in the upper urinary tract and ≥ 1 of recurrent UTIs risk factors (congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, constipation, bladder dysfunction, myelomeningocele, sexual activity in girls) will be randomly assigned to receive a 90-day prophylaxis arm (probiotic containing L. rhamnosus PL1 and L. plantarum PM1) or a 90-day placebo arm. The primary outcome measure will be the frequency of recurrence of UTI during the intervention and in the period 9 months after the intervention.
DISCUSSION
The findings of this randomised controlled trial (RCT), whether positive or negative, will contribute to the formulation of further recommendations on prevention of recurrent UTIs in children.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT03462160, date of trial registration 12th March 2018.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactobacillus plantarum; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Male; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recurrence; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 33097017
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00723-1 -
Gut Microbes Nov 2020Allergic asthma is a highly prevalent inflammatory disease of the lower airways, clinically characterized by airway hyperreactivity and deterioration of airway function....
Allergic asthma is a highly prevalent inflammatory disease of the lower airways, clinically characterized by airway hyperreactivity and deterioration of airway function. Immunomodulatory probiotic bacteria are increasingly being explored to prevent asthma development, alone or in combination with other treatments. In this study, wild-type and recombinant probiotic GR-1 were tested as preventive treatment of experimental allergic asthma in mice. Recombinant GR-1 was designed to produce the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, to promote allergen-specific immunomodulation. Administration of wild-type and recombinant GR-1 prevented the development of airway hyperreactivity. Recombinant GR-1 also prevented elevation of airway total cell counts, lymphocyte counts and lung IL-1β levels, while wild-type GR-1 inhibited airway eosinophilia. Of note, a shift in gut microbiome composition was observed after asthma development, which correlated with the severity of airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. In the groups that received GR-1, this asthma-associated shift in gut microbiome composition was not observed, indicating microbiome-modulating effects of this probiotic. These data demonstrate that GR-1 can prevent airway function deterioration in allergic asthma. Bet v 1 expression by GR-1 further contributed to lower airway inflammation, although not solely through the expected reduction in T helper 2-associated responses, suggesting involvement of additional mechanisms. The beneficial effects of GR-1 correlate with increased gut microbiome resilience, which in turn is linked to protection of airway function, and thus further adds support to the existence of a gut-lung axis.
Topics: Animals; Asthma; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Probiotics; Th2 Cells
PubMed: 32522072
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1766345 -
Molecular Oral Microbiology Jun 2020Lactobacillus rhamnosus is an important lactic acid bacterium that is predominantly used as a probiotic supplement. This bacterium secretes immunomodulatory and...
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is an important lactic acid bacterium that is predominantly used as a probiotic supplement. This bacterium secretes immunomodulatory and antibacterial peptides that are necessary for the probiotic trait. This organism also occupies diverse ecological niches, such as gastrointestinal tracts and the oral cavity. Several studies have shown that L. rhamnosus is prone to spontaneous genome rearrangement irrespective of the ecological origins. We previously characterized an oral isolate of L. rhamnosus, LRB, which is genetically closely related to the widely used probiotic strain L. rhamnosus LGG. In this study, we isolated a nontargeted mutant that was particularly sensitive to acid stress. Using next generation sequencing, we further mapped the putative mutations in the genome and found that the mutant had acquired a deletion of 75 base pairs in the rplD gene that encodes the large ribosomal subunit L4. The mutant had a growth defect at 37°C and at ambient temperature. Further antibiotic sensitivity analyses indicated that the mutant is relatively more resistant to erythromycin and chloramphenicol; two antibiotics that target the 50S subunit. In contrast, the mutant was more sensitive to tetracycline, which targets the 30S subunit. Thus, it appears that nontargeted mutations could significantly alter the antibiotic resistance profile of L. rhamnosus. Our study raises concern that probiotic use of L. rhamnosus should be carefully monitored to avoid unintended consequences.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Macrolides; Probiotics; Ribosomal Proteins
PubMed: 32022979
DOI: 10.1111/omi.12281 -
BMC Microbiology Jun 2021Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is the most widely used probiotic, but the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects remain unresolved. Previous studies typically...
BACKGROUND
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is the most widely used probiotic, but the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects remain unresolved. Previous studies typically inoculated LGG in hosts with established gut microbiota, limiting the understanding of specific impacts of LGG on host due to numerous interactions among LGG, commensal microbes, and the host. There has been a scarcity of studies that used gnotobiotic animals to elucidate LGG-host interaction, in particular for gaining specific insights about how it modifies the metabolome. To evaluate whether LGG affects the metabolite output of pathobionts, we inoculated with LGG gnotobiotic mice containing Propionibacterium acnes, Turicibacter sanguinis, and Staphylococcus aureus (PTS).
RESULTS
16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples by Ion Torrent and MinION platforms showed colonization of germ-free mice by PTS or by PTS plus LGG (LTS). Although the body weights and feeding rates of mice remained similar between PTS and LTS groups, co-associating LGG with PTS led to a pronounced reduction in abundance of P. acnes in the gut. Addition of LGG or its secretome inhibited P. acnes growth in culture. After optimizing procedures for fecal metabolite extraction and metabolomic liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, unsupervised and supervised multivariate analyses revealed a distinct separation among fecal metabolites of PTS, LTS, and germ-free groups. Variables-important-in-projection scores showed that LGG colonization robustly diminished guanine, ornitihine, and sorbitol while significantly elevating acetylated amino acids, ribitol, indolelactic acid, and histamine. In addition, carnitine, betaine, and glutamate increased while thymidine, quinic acid and biotin were reduced in both PTS and LTS groups. Furthermore, LGG association reduced intestinal mucosal expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α.
CONCLUSIONS
LGG co-association had a negative impact on colonization of P. acnes, and markedly altered the metabolic output and inflammatory response elicited by pathobionts.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Female; Firmicutes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Germ-Free Life; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Probiotics; Propionibacterium acnes; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 34082713
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02178-2 -
Microbial Biotechnology Nov 2017A number of clinical studies have shown protective effects of lactobacilli against Candida species in the gastrointestinal tract, the urogenital tract and the oral...
A number of clinical studies have shown protective effects of lactobacilli against Candida species in the gastrointestinal tract, the urogenital tract and the oral cavity, while others did not show clear effects. Evidence on the mode of action of lactobacilli against Candida is also still lacking. In this study, the anti-Candida activity of the model probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was explored in different assays to determine molecular interactions. We found that L. rhamnosus GG was able to interfere with Candida growth, morphogenesis and adhesion. These three aspects of Candida's physiology are all crucial to its opportunistic pathogenesis. In follow-up assays, we compared the activity of L. rhamnosus GG wild-type with its exopolysaccharide (EPS)-deficient mutant and purified EPS to evaluate the involvement of this outer carbohydrate layer. Our data demonstrate that purified EPS can both interfere with hyphal formation and adhesion to epithelial cells, which indicates that EPS is part of a combined molecular mechanism underlying the antihyphal and anti-adhesion mechanisms of L. rhamnosus GG.
Topics: Candida; Hyphae; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Proteoglycans
PubMed: 28772020
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12799 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2022Lactic acid bacteria were reported as a promising alternative to antibiotics against pathogens. Among them, could be used as probiotics and inhibit several pathogens,...
Lactic acid bacteria were reported as a promising alternative to antibiotics against pathogens. Among them, could be used as probiotics and inhibit several pathogens, but its antibacterial mechanisms are still less known. Here, SCB0119 isolated from fermented pickles could inhibit bacterial growth or even cause cell death in ATCC25922 and ATCC6538, which was mainly attributed to the cell-free culture supernatant (CFS). Moreover, CFS induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and destroyed the structure of the cell wall and membrane, including the deformation in cell shape and cell wall, the impairment of the integrity of the cell wall and inner membrane, and the increases in outer membrane permeability, the membrane potential, and pH gradient in and . Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that CFS altered the transcripts of several genes involved in fatty acid degradation, ion transport, and the biosynthesis of amino acids in , and fatty acid degradation, protein synthesis, DNA replication, and ATP hydrolysis in , which are important for bacterial survival and growth. In conclusion, SCB0119 and its CFS could be used as a biocontrol agent against and .
Topics: Humans; Staphylococcus aureus; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcal Infections; Probiotics; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fatty Acids
PubMed: 36499483
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315159